The Romans were a kleptocratic culture and superimposed their names on the Greek divinities. Refer back to the Greek gods for biographical bits on the following gods. (The Roman names are given first here.)
THE TITANS
Saturn = Cronus
Cybele = Rhea
THE OLYMPIANS
Jupiter = Zeus
Jove = Zeus
Neptune = Poseidon
Pluto = Hades
Juno = Hera
Vesta = Hestia
Ceres = Demeter
Mars = Ares
Minerva = Athena
Vulcan = Hephaestos
Apollo = Apollo
Diana = Artemis
Venus = Aphrodite
Mercury = Hermes
Bacchus =Dionysus
Proserpine = Persephone
In addition, a few mortals change names.
Hercules = Heracles
Ulysses = Odysseus